Casement windows



July 26, 1955 M M KEHNE 2,713,896

CASEMENT WINDOWS INVENTOR. MYRON /Vl G-HNE ATTORNEYS July 26, 1955 M. M.KEHNE 2,713,896

CASEMENT WINDOWS Filed Aug. 14, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR.MvRo/v M K ff-/NE A Tron/Veys July 26, 1955 M, M KEHNE 2,713,896

CASEMENT WINDOWS Filed Aug. 14, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 HQ. 6 l 36INVENTOR. MYRO/v M KE/-fA/E BY @,QM

.ATTORNEYS July 26, 1955 Filed Aug. 14, 1956 M. M. KEHNE CASEMENTWINDOWS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 l INVENTOR. MYRo/v M fE/-m/E BYRMQ,

ATTORNEYS United States Patent O CASEMENT WINDOWS Myron M. Kehne, St.Paul, Minn. Application August 14, 1950, Serial No. 179,129

3 Claims. (Cl. 160-92) This invention relates to new and usefulimprovements in Window constructions and more particularly to a windowconstruction of the casement type, wherein the sash frame is usuallymounted for swinging movement about a vertical axis.

The invention is concerned more particularly with the design andconstruction of casement windows, and an important object thereof is toprovide an improved structure of this general type which is soconstructed that all of the component parts of the window may becompletely prefabricated and assembled into a completed structure, readyto be mounted in the usual opening in a building wall, whereby themounting of the casement window may be greatly facilitated.

A further object of the invention is to provide a casement windowconstructed of relatively few parts, and which parts are so designed andarranged with respect to one another that the composite casement windowpresents a very practical and useful structure of this general typewhich may be manufactured at extremely lost cost.

A further object is to provide a casement window comprising arectangular or square frame adapted to be fixedly secured to a wall of abuilding about a window opening provided therein, and said frame havinga casement sash frame hinged thereto for swinging movement about avertical axis to permit free ventilation of the building.

A further object is to provide a composite casement window including axed frame and a sash frame hinged thereto, and which frames may becompletely constructed and assembled for shipment as a composite unitfor installation in building walls, provision being made in theconstruction of said casement window for supporting a sealing elementbetween the fixed and movable frames thereof, thereby to seal the jointbetween said parts when the casement window is closed.

Other objects of the invention reside in the simple and inexpensiveconstruction of the lixed and movable frames thereof, whereby each maybe constructed of conventional lumber; the rails constituting saidframes being so designed, cross-sectionally that they may bemanufactured in mass production ou conventional milling machinery, readyfor assembly as conventional sash frames; in the provision of means inone of said frame members for supporting a weather stripping element,thereby to seal the joints between said fixed and movable frame members;in the provision of means for supporting a screen substantially withinthe contines of the xed frame member in a more or less permanent manner;and in the simplicity of the composite casement window whereby it mayreadily and quickly be mounted in a wall opening tov complete thatportion of a building structure with a minimum of fitting.

These and other objects of the invention and the means for theirattainment will be more apparent from the following description taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings.

In the accompanying drawings there has been disclosed a structuredesigned to carry out the various objects of the invention, but it is tobe understood that the invention is not confined to the exact featuresshown, as various changes may be made within the scope of the claimswhich follow.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional plan view on the line 1-1 of Figure 3 showingthe casement window closed;

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the window open;

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view on the line 3 3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a perspective view illustrating upper and lower framedetails of the composite casement window;

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a window of slightly modiied constructionwherein the casement window is mounted for horizontal sliding movementin suitable guide rails; and

Figures 7 and 8 further illustrate the form shown in Figures 5 and 6,and particularly the anti-friction rollers or wheels mounted for rollingmovement in suitable tracks.

In the selected embodiment of the invention herein disclosed, there isillustrated in Figures l and 2, for purposes of disclosure, a portion ofa building wall comprising the usual studs 2 and 3, a header 4 and alower member 5 which cooperate to provide an opening for the novelcasement window herein disclosed.

The usual side wall covering 6, such as Sheetrock, wall board, plaster,etc., is shown secured to the inner faces of the studs and headers 4 and5. Sheathing 7, of conventional well known construction, is shownsecured to the outer faces of the studs to provide a base for supportingthe usual wall covering indicated at S, such as siding or Various otherforms of coverings, well known in the industry. The usual insulatingmaterial, such as building paper, and other insulating materials, notshown in the drawing, may be embodied in the wall structure, as is nowcommon.

One of the important features of the present invention resides in theconstruction of the composite casement window, generally designated bythe numeral 9 in Figures 1 and 3. The window is best illustrated inFigures l and 2, and comprises a relatively xed frame, generallydesignated by the numeral 11. This frame may be completely Prefabricatedat a mill, and comprises upright rails 12 and 13, the upper and lowerhorizontal rails 14 and 15, respectively, being suitably mortised andtenoned together at the corners of the frame, as is customary, therebyto provide a well constructed window structure which, when properlytreated with paint or some other preservative, will give longuninterrupted service. The composite frame 11 may be secured in positionon the building wall, to encase the window opening therein, as iscustomary.

In the application drawings, the frame 11 is shown seated directlyagainst the wall covering 8, which may be desirable in some instances,in that it outwardly spaces the outer face of the frame 11 a relativelygreater distance from the adjacent face of the wall covering 8, topermit the casement window next to be described, to be swung backagainst the building wall when in open position, as indicated by thedotted lines A in Figure 2. If desired, the frame 11 may be seateddirectly on the sheathing 7, in which case the wall covering is abuttedagainst the outer edges of the frame 11, as will be understood. When soconstructed, it may be advisable to make the ixed frame 11 of slightlythicker lumber so that its outer face may be spaced outwardly from theadjacent face of the wall coveri g 8, a distance substantially equal tothe spacing now shown in Figure l.

The swinging portion of the casement window comprises a frame, generallydesignated by the numeral 16,

which preferably is hinged to the stationary frame 11 by suitable hinges17, whereby the sash frame 16 may swing about a vertical axis, as iswell known in the construction of casement windows.

The sash frame 16 is shown provided with spaced transparent panels 18and 19, which are hermetically sealed at their edges to provide a deadair space 2,1 therebetween as is now common practice. The dead air space21 serves as an insulation to prevent the conduction of heat or coldthrough the window panel, thereby dispensing with the use of a stormwindow. A suitable wheather stripping, indicated at 22 in Figure 2, issecured to the inner surface of the sash frame 16 and is adapted to seatin the bottoms of the grooves 23, provided in the outer surface of thefixed frame 11.

If desired, a single transparent panel not shown, may be utilized inlieu of the dual panels 18 and 19. With such a single panel it may benecessary to use a separate storm sash during the colder or winterseason, which may be mounted in the space normally occupied by thescreen 2S.

A suitable operating mechanism, not shown in the drawings is providedfor opening and closing the casement window 16. There are now numerousopeners of this general type available on the market and it is thereforebelieved unnecessary herein to show such a device.

Before installing the casement window in a wall opening, the wall may becompleted. That is, the wall covering 8 is secured to the sheathing andthe inner wall covering 6 may be also applied. The inner frame 11 isthen seated about the window opening and secured to the sheathing bysuitable fastening elements such as nails 24, preferably driven throughthe wall covering 8, sheathing 7 and into the studs 2, as indicated inFigures 1 and 2.

When the frame 11 has been properly anchored to the wall and squaredwith the window opening, the jambs 25 are secured in place by securingtheir outer edges to the inner edges of the frame 11 with the outeredges of the jambs 25 being spaced inwardly from the inner face of thesash frame 16 to provide a seat 26 for the frame 27 of a suitable windowscreen 28. The inner edges of the jambs 25 may be substantially alignedwith the inner surface of the plaster 6, whereby an inner trim 29 may besecured to the inner edges of the jambs and the adjacent surroundingsurfaces of the wall opening, thereby to complete the installation, aswill be understood by reference to Figures l and 2. Suitable firringstrips 31 may be secured to the studs 2 and 3 and the headers 4 and 5,as shown in Figures l, 2 and 3, to provide a solid surface against whichto nail the inner trim 29. The spaces 30 between the jarnbs 25 and studsmay be filled with a f suitable insulation, as indicated in Figures land 2.

In some installations it may be found more desirable to assemble thejambs 25, upper trim 32 and sill 33 in a composite frame, beforeinstallation in the building, whereupon the operation of mounting theframe in a wall opening is facilitated.

From the foregoing, it will be noted that the casement window in itselfis extremely simple in construction and may readily and quickly bepositioned in a wall opening by an inexperienced worker and withoutrequiring the use of special tools in the installation thereof. It willalso be noted that the composite window structure is extremely simpleand inexpensive, and requires very few parts, all of which are veryordinary in construction, so that they may readily be fitted against abuilding wall and secured in position about the window opening toprovide a very practical and rugged casement window, which has manydesirable features. An upper trim 32 is interposed between the jambs 25and a similar sill member 33 is shown interposed betwen the lower endsof the jambs to complete the structure.

One of the important features of the present window structure resides inthe fact that when the casement window is swung open, full visionthrough the open window is obtained, limited only by the insidedimensions of the inner frame composed of the jambs 25-25, and upper andlower frame members 32 and 33. Also by hinging the outer sash frame inthe inner fixed frame, as shown in Figures l and 2, the operation ofhanging the swingable frame is greatly simplified.

Another desirable feature made possible by the novel construction of thecasement window herein disclosed, resides in the way the transparentpanel of the window is arranged, whereby the size of the transparentdual panels is substantially equal to the maximum size of the windowopening, whereby full vision is obtained through the window at alltimes, regardless of whether the casement window is in open or closedposition.

The usual cap 34 is shown secured to the upper edge of the fixed frame14 and extends outwardly and well over the upper edge of the pivotedframe 16, when the latter is in closed position, as illustrated inFigure 3. The cap 34 may be provided with a metal facing 35, if desired,to protect it against the elements.

Figures 5 to 8, inclusive, illustrate a casement window of slightlydifferent construction, wherein the sash frame, generally designated bythe numeral 36, is mounted for sliding movement in suitable horizontalguide ways 37 and 38. The bottom guide way 38 is preferably in the formof an angle bar having its outer edge bent slightly upwardly to providea rail 39 upon which anti-friction rollers 41 may roll, thereby toreduce friction to a minimum, and thus render the sash frame readilymovable when shifting it from open to closed position. The rollers 41may be mounted in recesses 42 provided in the lower rail of the movablesash frame 36, as best illustrated in Figure 8.

To obtain a leaktight joint between the inner surface of the movablesash frame 36 and the adjacent face of the fixed frame 43, when thewindow is closed, the upright rails of the two frames are provided witha plurality of complemental faces 44, 4S, and 46, 47, respectively, asbest illustrated in Figures 5 and 6. Suitable weather stripping elements48 are secured to the faces 47 of the fixed frame member, as shown inFigures 5 and 6.

By thus constructing the upright rails of the two frame members, whenthe outer sash 36 is in closed position, as shown in Figure 5, itsbeveled faces 44 and 45 will engage the corresponding faces 46 and 47 ofthe fixed frame and thereby seal the joints between the two frames,assisted by the weather stripping elements 48, as will be understood byreference to Figure 5.

The horizontal rails of the fixed and movable window frames are ofnormal thickness and the joints between the two frame members are sealedby manipulation of sealing strips 49 and 51 secured at the top andbottom of the trim or facing formed by the header 52 and lower member53. The strips 49 and 51 carry weather stripping elements 54, similar tothe weather stripping elements 48 shown in Figures 5 and 6, and areadapted to be moved into sealing engagement with the inner surface ofthe sash frame 36 by manipulation of suitable operators 55 and 56,mounted in recesses provided on the header 52 and sill member 53, asclearly illustrated in Figure 7. Wing nuts 57 are provided for securingthe operators 55 and 56 in adjusted position.

These elements are utilized only in cold weather, when the window is tobe sealed against infiltration of cold air currents. In warmer climates,the sealing strips 49 and 51 may be moved inwardly so that the weatherstripping 54 does not contact the inner surface of the sash frame 36.

A suitable operator, not shown, may be provided for shifting the outersash frame 36 from its closed to an open position and vice versa.

The structure illustrated in Figures 5 to 8, inclusive, embodies most ofthe desirable features of the form shown in Figures l to 4, inclusive.It presents the utmost in simplicity and when installed in a windowopening may readily be shifted from open to closed position, and viceversa, without effort, a highly desirable feature in structures of thisgeneral type.

The foregoing detailed description has been given for clearness ofunderstanding only, and no unnecessary limitations should be understoodtherefrom, but the appended claims should be construed as broadly aspermissible in view of the prior art.

I claimv as my invention:

l. In a easement window structure, a stationary frame comprising top,bottom and side rails secured together at the corners of the frame toprovide a relatively at open frame structure adapted to be seatedagainst and secured to a building wall in registry with a window openingtherein, opposed jamb members and an upper trim member and a lower sillmember secured together to provide a box-like frame portion adapted tobe received in the window opening in the building wall, said box-likeframe having one end fitting into said stationary frame and securedthereto, and a sash frame pivoted to the outer marginal edge portion ofone of the side rails of said stationary frame and having a transparentpanel therein, the effective area of which is substantially equal insize to the size of the opening in said box-like frame portion, therebyto provide maximum vision through the composite window structure.

2. A easement window structure according to claim 1, wherein the end ofthe box-like frame which is iitted into the opening in said stationaryframe and secured therein, is spaced inwardly from the outer face ofsaid stationar;l frame, thereby to provide an annular recessed seatadapted to receive the frame of a window screen.

3. In a easement window structure, a box-like frame comprising opposedjamb members, an upper horizontal member, and a lower sill member, saidbox-like frame being adapted to be fitted into an opening in a wallstructure, a stationary frame comprising top, bottom and side railssecured together in edge-wise relation and cooperating to provide anopening for receiving the outer end of said box-like frame, said outerend stopping short of the thickness of said stationary frame andcooperating with the exposed portions of the walls of the opening insaid stationary frame to provide an annular recessed seat adapted -toreceive a window screen, a sash frame pivoted to the outer marginal edgeportion of one of the side rails of said stationary frame and having atransparent panel therein, the over-all size of the sash frame corresponding substantially to the over-all size of said stationary frame,whereby when said sash frame is folded into fiatwise relation againstsaid stationary frame, the perimeter of said sash trame is substantiallycoincident with the perimeter of said stationary frame, said sash framehaving an annular inwardly extending ange providing an outwardly facingseat for receiving said transparent panel, and the inner edge o? saidflange being substantially coincident with the inwardly facing wallsurfaces of said box-like frame, thereby to provide maximum visionthrough the composite window structure.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS582,029 rPremmel May 4, 1897 864,931 Spicer Sept. 3, 1907 1,364,695Boyan Ian. 4, 1921 1,750,659 Barclay Mar. 18, 1930 1,887,415 Lobell Nov.8, 1932 2,379,727 Lewis July 3, 1945 2,389,863 McLaughlin, Ir Nov. 27,1945

